Exercise 4

Table of contents:

• Exercise 4
  • Targeted contract
  • Exercise
    • Goals
  • Solution

This exercise is based on the tutorial How to test assertions.

Join the team on Slack at: https://slack.empirehacking.nyc/ #ethereum

Targeted contract

We will test the following contract, token.sol:

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

contract Ownable {
    address public owner = msg.sender;

    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public onlyOwner {
        owner = newOwner;
    }

    modifier onlyOwner() {
        require(msg.sender == owner, "Ownable: Caller is not the owner.");
        _;
    }
}

contract Pausable is Ownable {
    bool private _paused;

    function paused() public view returns (bool) {
        return _paused;
    }

    function pause() public onlyOwner {
        _paused = true;
    }

    function resume() public onlyOwner {
        _paused = false;
    }

    modifier whenNotPaused() {
        require(!_paused, "Pausable: Contract is paused.");
        _;
    }
}

contract Token is Ownable, Pausable {
    mapping(address => uint256) public balances;

    function transfer(address to, uint256 value) public virtual whenNotPaused {
        // unchecked to save gas
        unchecked {
            balances[msg.sender] -= value;
            balances[to] += value;
        }
    }
}

Exercise

Goals

Add assertions to ensure that after calling transfer:

• msg.sender must have its initial balance or less.
• to must have its initial balance or more.

Once Echidna finds the bug, fix the issue, and re-try your assertion with Echidna.

This exercise is similar to the first one, but it uses assertions instead of explicit properties.

The skeleton for this exercise is (template.sol):

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./token.sol";

/// @dev Run the template with
///      ```
///      solc-select use 0.8.0
///      echidna program-analysis/echidna/exercises/exercise4/template.sol --contract TestToken --test-mode assertion
///      ```
///      or by providing a config
///      ```
///      echidna program-analysis/echidna/exercises/exercise4/template.sol --contract TestToken --config program-analysis/echidna/exercises/exercise4/config.yaml
///      ```
contract TestToken is Token {
    function transfer(address to, uint256 value) public {
        // TODO: include `assert(condition)` statements that
        // detect a breaking invariant on a transfer.
        // Hint: you may use the following to wrap the original function.
        super.transfer(to, value);
    }
}

Solution

This solution can be found in solution.sol